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No. 392,549. Patented Nov. 6, 1888.

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@NITED STATES PATENT rrlca.

SAMUEL E. FLINT, OF ST; LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-THIRD TO WVILLIAM F. MILLS, OF SAME PLACE.

SMOKE-PREVENTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 392,549, dated November 6, 1888.

Application filed June 22, 1888.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, SAMUEL E. FLINT, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of St. Louis, State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Smoke- Preventers for Steam Boiler and other Furnaces, of which the following is a full. clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improved means of preventing smoke in steam-boiler and other furnaces, and has for its object to efiect athorough combustion of the gases and carbonaceous matter evolved from the burning fuel before they pass from the furnace into the fines and chimney.

It consists of certain constructions and combinations of elements, which will be hereinafter more fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

On the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a front elevation of a steam-boiler furnace with my invention applied thereto; Fig. 2, a longitudinal section thereof broken away; Fig. 3, a transverse section on line 1 1 in Fig. 2, omitting the fire-bars; Fig. 4, a sectional view to an enlarged scale of one of the nozzles or injectorsforming part of my invention, as seen to the left of Fig. 2; and Figs. 5 and 6, transverse sections thereof on lines 2 2 and 3 3, respectively, in Fig. 4.

Like letters of reference denote like parts in all the figures.

A represents a steam-boiler broken away longitudinally, having the furnace B, firegrate O, bridgeD, and ash-pit E. In the wall of the bridge D facing the ash-pit E and immediately beneath the bearer a of the firegrate G are arranged, at suitable distances apart across the ash-pit E, passages or pipes.

b, which extend rearward and upward through the bridge D, and communicate, respectively, with upper rectangular or other shaped pockets or recesses 0 formed in the bridge D, and opening at their outer ends into the furnace B, at a suitable height from the rear end of the fire-grate C. By this arrangement warm air from the ash-pit E, entering the passages or pipes 1), passes upward through the bridge D, whereby it is further heated, and into the pockets or recesses c, whence it finally issues Serial No. 277,865. (No model.)

at a high temperature into the furnace B and mingles with the products of combustion from the fuel on the tire-grate 0, whereby an intense heat is generated and active combustion of the gases takes place. For increasing this efi'ect, I- use in combination with the abovedescribed air-ductsa series of nozzles or inject ors, which are arranged at suitable distances apart across the front of the furnace B, so as to directjets of steam and air into the furnacechamber at various inclinations to the fire-grate O, as hereinafter described.

Each nozzle or injector is composed of a pipe, d, (see more particularly Figs. 4, 5, and 6,) having a curved or conical reduced end of nozzle d, around which is screwed or otherwise attached a tubular cap, 0, having a curved or conical reduced end or nozzle, e, which is in advance of and in line with the nozzle d, so as to leave a chamber, f, between the nozzles d and 6. Through the wall of the tubu lar cap e are perforations g, which admit air from the outside of the tubular cap 6 to the chamber f.

.The pipe (I with its nozzles d a are inclosed within a larger pipe, h, open at one end adjacent to the nozzle 6 and closed at its other end by a cap or plate, 2', through which are holesj for admitting air from the outside of the otherwise closed end of the pipe h to the annular space between the pipes d and h.

The injectors, constructed as above described, are let into holes formed obliquely through the fire-brick lining beneath the front end of the boiler A, at a suitable height from the dead-plate Z of the grate C, so as to be at different angles, respectively to the latter, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2.

The nozzle-pipes d of the injectors are connected together outside the front of the furnace B by the horizontal pipe a, which communicates with the top of the steam-boiler A by the upright pipe 0, having a regulating valve, 1). On opening the latter, steam is admitted through pipes 0 and a into theinjectorpipes d, from which it passes in the form of jets through the nozzles d, chambers f, and nozzles a into. the furnace B. In so doing a partial vacuum is formed in the chambers j, which causes the warm air to be drawn from the space between the front m and fire-brick lining of the boiler A through the holesj in the outer ends of the pipes h into the spaces of the latter surrounding the nozzle-pipes d, and from these spaces through the holes 9 into the ehanibersf, whence it is carried off with the passing steam through the nozzles e into the furnace-chamber B, where the combined steam and air mingles with the air, simultaneously entering the furnace B through the pockets or recesses c of the bridge D, as before described, aud by the intense heat thus generated the gases and carbonaceous matter given off by the fuel will be thoroughly consumed, and so prevent the escape of smoke into the dues and chimney.

The orifices through the nozzles c c are of equal size, and this being so the effect of the indraft of air to the chambersf is that, on the steam-jets passing through the nozzles c the air surrounding and carried with it through the orifices of the nozzles e compresses the steam-jets thereat, and the steam-jets, being thereby prevented from spreading, are injected to a greater distance within the furnace B.

In some cases, according to the particular construction and arrangement of the furnace to which my invention may be applied, the pipes h surrounding the nozzle-pipes d of the injector may be dispensed with, and the air admitted to the chambersf through the openings 9 direct.

I clam as my invention- 1. The combination, with a fire chamber, of an injector-jet having a perforated nozzle-cap, which incloses the jet and forms a mixingchamber, said cap being mounted on or secured to the ini ector-j et, and an outer air-tube, which incloses the jet and its cap, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. In combination with a fire-chamber, an air and steam mixer and injector composed of a central steam-jet pipe, a tubular cap or nozvzle mounted on or secured to and surrounding the central steam-pipe,having lateral air-inlet ports and a central exit-port at its apex, said cap forming a chamber in which air and steam are mixed and compressed before being injected into the furnace,and an outer or inclosing air-tube perforated at its base, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. The combination, with a steam-injector jet,of a closed mixing-cap mounted on the end of the steam-jet and having an outlet in the line of the steam-jet and a series of perforations or air-inlets in its periphery back of the orifice of the steam -j et, substantially as and for the purposes described.

4:. The combination,with a firechambcr, of

a series of injector-jets having perforated nozzle-caps and inclosing air-tubes, the alternate jets of the series arranged on different inc1inations to strike the the surface at different points between the front and bridge wall,substautially as and for the purposes specified.

In testimony whereofI ailix my signature,in presence of two witnesses, this 14th day of June, 1888.

SAMUEL E. FLINT.

Vitnesscs:

S. L. SOHRADER, PAUL BAKEWELL. 

